British used to divide the states as per their convenience. They didn't even about Indian people. For instance, partition of Bengal (1905) which curved the feeling of Nationalism.
But after Independence, there was a need of reorganization of states because:
A. Administrative reason : some states of large in area.
B. Integration of new 562 princely states.
A. Language act as a centre point for any culture.
B. Students can get education in their own language.
C. Local people will get more representation & feeling of direct democracy.
D. In 1917, congress supported demand for Linguistic provinces.
E. In 1921, congress created regional congress committee based on language.
F. Bal Gangadhar Tilak was also in favour of Linguistic reorganization of states.
After Independence, Nehru stand changed and he thought reorganization on the basis of language wouldn't work out because it's time of India to be united. But there were riots going on between different Linguistic people. For instance, Madras was demanded by both Tamil speaking people and Telgu speaking as well. Demand of the formation of Punjab, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Kerala.
At last, Dhar committee constituted, which suggested not a right time to reorganise the states on Linguistic basis. People were not satisfied with the suggestion of Dhar committee.
JVP committee, stands for Jawaharlal Nehru, Vallabhbhai Patel and P. Sitaramayya (1949), which submitted its report to All India Congress committee. It again rejected the demand of reorganization of states on Linguistic basis but said that if demands were very popular, we would consider it on one condition, which was the people living in a states speaking different language had not any problem to it.
In Madras, there was a big movement going on to create a state for Telgu speaking people. Reasons :
A. Low irrigation facilities.
B. Region was dominated by Tamil speaking people.
C. Less political representation.
D. Economical backwardness.
E. Lack of Universities.
This led to a situation of civil war because there was a gandhian leader, Potti Sriramulu decided to protest and chose to fast until death. Who, at last, died.
To maintain peace, Nehru accepted the demand of the creation of Andhra Pradesh state. But, by this act, people belonging to other regions also started demanding for separate states. So, Nehru formed State Reorganization Commission to complete the reasonable demands of people. The committe was consisting of :
A. Fazal Ali
B. H. N Kunzru
C. K. M Panikkar
On the basis of State Reorganization Commission many states created but one thing keeping in mind that the integrity, sovereignty and unity of the country shouldn't be harmed.
Such as:
A. Mysore ( Karnataka)
B. Kerala
C. Madras Province ( Tamil Nadu)
D. Andhra Pradesh
E. Uttar Pradesh
F. Madhya Pradesh
G. Bihar
H. Rajasthan
Formation of Maharashtra
S.R.C rejected the proposal of formation of Maharashtra as a state but again the movement started by Shankar Dev Rai from Smyukta Maharashtra Parishad. Nehru told to make Maharashtra as an Union Territory for 5 years but it was opposed by many people. The pressure of forming Maharashtra as a state was increasing day by day, so, atlast Nehru accepted and Maharashtra became a state of India with Bombay as a capital with the assurance that linguistic minorities would be provided proper facilities and security.
This led to the formation of two states:
1. Maharashtra
2. Gujarat
Very much informative. Good one. Thank you 😊
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